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UK Welfare Statistics

Comprehensive statistics on UK welfare, benefits, asylum support, poverty, and social care. Data updated daily from official government sources.

Last updated: 15 April 2026
Data updated daily from government sources

Headline UK Welfare Statistics

Key figures showing the scale of welfare provision across the UK

Universal Credit Claimants
PIP Recipients
People in Poverty (AHC)
Households in Temporary Accommodation
Asylum Support Recipients
Unpaid Carers
5.7million

Census 2021 estimate

Annual Welfare Expenditure
£295billion

Total UK welfare spending

Universal Credit & Working-Age Benefits

Universal Credit is a means-tested benefit for working-age people. It replaces six legacy benefits and is now the primary working-age benefit in the UK.

Universal Credit Caseload Trend
Monthly caseload since January 2019
Universal Credit by Conditionality
Claimants grouped by work-related requirements
CategoryValue%
Searching for work1.8m28.2%
Work preparation1.2m19.2%
Working with requirements430k6.7%
No work requirements2.8m43.5%
Work focused interview156k2.4%
Universal Credit by Age Group
CategoryValue%
18-24880k13.7%
25-341.5m23.4%
35-441.4m21.8%
45-541.3m20.2%
55-641.0m16.2%
65+300k4.7%
Universal Credit by Region
CategoryValue%
London950k14.8%
North West810k12.6%
South East780k12.1%
Yorkshire and Humber560k8.7%
West Midlands540k8.4%
East of England480k7.5%

Showing top 6 of 12 categories

Disability & Special Needs Support

Personal Independence Payment (PIP), Disability Living Allowance (DLA), Employment and Support Allowance (ESA), and Adult Disability Payment (ADP) in Scotland provide support for people with disabilities and health conditions.

PIP Caseload
DLA Caseload
ESA Caseload
1.5m
-3.1%YoY change

Being replaced by UC

PIP Caseload Growth
Annual PIP recipients since 2019
PIP by Main Health Condition
Primary disabling condition recorded
CategoryValue%
Psychiatric disorders1.3m36.5%
Musculoskeletal disease (general)520k14.2%
Neurological disease380k10.4%
Musculoskeletal disease (regional)290k7.9%
Respiratory disease180k4.9%
Cardiovascular disease150k4.1%
Endocrine disease140k3.8%
Visual disease120k3.3%

Showing top 8 of 10 categories

ESA by Health Condition
CategoryValue%
Mental and behavioural disorders680k44.7%
Diseases of the musculoskeletal system230k15.1%
Diseases of the nervous system140k9.2%
Diseases of the circulatory system86k5.7%
Other384k25.3%
PIP by Age Group
CategoryValue%
16-24210k5.7%
25-34520k14.2%
35-44610k16.6%
45-54730k19.9%
55-64780k21.3%
65-74520k14.2%
75+300k8.2%

Asylum & Refugee Support

Support provided to asylum seekers while their claims are processed, including Section 95 cash support, Section 4 support, and accommodation including hotels.

Asylum Support Caseload Trend
Quarterly Section 95 recipients
Section 95 by Nationality
Top nationalities receiving asylum support
CategoryValue%
Afghanistan28k27.5%
Iran14k13.7%
Syria11k10.8%
Sudan9k8.8%
Eritrea8k7.8%
Iraq7k6.9%
Albania5k4.9%
Vietnam4k3.9%

Showing top 8 of 9 categories

Daily Allowance Rates (Section 95)

£6.77
single Adult
£9.42
couple
£6.77
single Parent16plus
£5.08
child16to17
£3.95
child Under16

Asylum seekers receive significantly less than UK benefit claimants - approximately £6.77 per day for a single adult.

Elderly & Adult Social Care

Long-term support for older adults and working-age adults with care needs, provided by local authorities in England.

Adult Social Care Recipients Trend
Annual recipients by financial year
By Primary Support Reason
CategoryValue%
Physical support420k48.0%
Support with memory and cognition145k16.6%
Learning disability support125k14.3%
Mental health support85k9.7%
Social support70k8.0%
Sensory support30k3.4%
By Support Type
CategoryValue%
Community care610k69.7%
Residential care165k18.9%
Nursing care100k11.4%
By Age Group
CategoryValue%
18-64280k32.0%
65-74130k14.9%
75-84210k24.0%
85+255k29.1%

Poverty & Income Metrics

Official poverty statistics from the Households Below Average Income (HBAI) dataset, based on the Family Resources Survey. Measures relative and absolute poverty before and after housing costs.

Relative Poverty (AHC)
Relative Poverty (BHC)
Children in Poverty
Destitution
3.8million people

JRF estimate 2023

People in Relative Poverty (AHC)
Millions of people after housing costs
Poverty by Household Type (AHC)
CategoryValue
Single working-age adult without children30
Single working-age adult with children48
Couple with children25
Couple without children11
Single pensioner22
Couple pensioner14
Poverty by Region (AHC %)
CategoryValue
London27
North East24
West Midlands23
Yorkshire and Humber22
North West22
East Midlands21
South West19
South East18

Showing top 8 of 12 categories

Poverty by Ethnicity (AHC %)
CategoryValue
White18
Mixed30
Indian18
Pakistani/Bangladeshi46
Black38
Other35

Food Bank Use (Emergency Parcels)

3.1m
Trussell Trust (2023-24)
1.2m
Independent Food Banks

Housing & Homelessness

Statutory homelessness statistics from DLUHC showing households owed a duty under the Homelessness Reduction Act, and rough sleeping estimates.

Households in Temporary Accommodation
Quarterly totals since 2018
Homelessness by Main Reason
CategoryValue%
End of private rented tenancy32k24.6%
Friends/family no longer able to accommodate27k20.8%
Domestic abuse22k16.9%
Non-violent relationship breakdown15k11.5%
Other reasons34k26.2%
Rough Sleeping Estimates
Annual snapshot counts
Temporary Accommodation by Region
CategoryValue%
London63k53.8%
South East14k12.0%
North West10k8.5%
East of England8k6.8%
South West7k6.0%
West Midlands6k5.1%
Yorkshire and Humber5k4.3%
East Midlands4k3.4%

Carers & Carer Support

Carer's Allowance recipients and estimates of unpaid carers from the Census.

Carer's Allowance Recipients
Unpaid Carers
5.7million

Census 2021 estimate

UC Carer Element
890k

Universal Credit carer element

Carer's Allowance by Age
CategoryValue%
Under 25120k8.3%
25-34220k15.2%
35-44280k19.3%
45-54350k24.1%
55-64380k26.2%
65+100k6.9%
Unpaid Carers by Hours Cared
CategoryValue%
Under 20 hours2.1m36.8%
20-34 hours700k12.3%
35-49 hours500k8.8%
50+ hours2.4m42.1%

State Pension & Child Benefit

State Pension recipients and expenditure, plus Child Benefit statistics from HMRC.

NHS & Welfare Overlaps

Statistics on the intersection between health conditions and welfare claims, including mental health and long-term sickness.

PIP Mental Health Claimants
Long-Term Sick (Economically Inactive)
Long-Term Sick on Benefits
Mental Health Benefit Claimants by Condition
CategoryValue%
Depression850k
Anxiety disorders620k
Other psychiatric disorders570k
Psychosis120k
Personality disorders85k
Other695k

Devolved Nations

Welfare benefits that are devolved to Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, with notes on variations.

🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿 Scotland

245,000
Adult Disability Payment
325,000
Scottish Child Payment
£288.6
Carer's Allowance Supplement
Social Security Scotland →

🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿 Wales

Wales does not have significant devolved welfare powers. Most benefits are administered by DWP UK-wide. Welsh Government provides discretionary assistance via the Discretionary Assistance Fund.

85,000
Discretionary Assistance Fund awards
Welsh Government →

🇬🇧 Northern Ireland

Northern Ireland has some devolved social security powers but generally mirrors GB system. Universal Credit is administered by DWP.

230,000
Universal Credit claimants
55,000
ESA claimants
NI Dept for Communities →

Sources & Methodology

Information about data sources, definitions, and quality considerations.

Key Definitions

Data Quality Notes
  • All figures are rounded to the nearest thousand or percentage point.
  • Geographic coverage varies by dataset - most cover Great Britain or the United Kingdom. Check individual sources for specific coverage.
  • Time series data may include breaks where methodology has changed.
  • Some breakdowns (e.g., by ethnicity, disability status) may have small sample sizes and should be interpreted with caution.
  • Welfare reforms and policy changes affect comparability over time.
  • Devolved nations have different welfare systems - Scottish benefits are marked separately.

Coverage Note

Most statistics cover Great Britain or the United Kingdom. Some datasets (e.g., adult social care) cover England only. Scottish devolved benefits are administered separately by Social Security Scotland. Check individual source links for specific geographic coverage.